Efficacy and Safety of 12 Months of Therapy With Inhaled Colistimethate Sodium in Subjects With Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Chronically Infected With P. Aeruginosa

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This was a randomised, multi-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group interventional trial in subjects with NCFB chronic P. aeruginosa infection. Subjects were randomised to CMS or placebo in a 1:1 ratio. The study consisted of 7 clinic visits with a follow-up phone call 12.5 month after randomisation or 2 weeks after discontinuation of treatment. Additional clinic visits, where feasible, and weekly phone calls were conducted during or after pulmonary exacerbations (or any episodes of pneumonia) until resolution. Every effort was made to have all planned and unscheduled visits at the study site. Mandatory on-site visits were Screening Visit (Visit 1) and Randomisation (Visit 2). However, if one of the visits after Visit 2 could not be performed at site due to COVID-19, remote visits (e.g., by telephone) were permitted. If the final visit (Visit 7) had to be conducted remotely, the subjects were asked to return to the clinic for on-site assessments at the earliest opportunity. After consulting with the US Food and Drug Administration, the study was brought to an early close primarily due to the difficulty of recruiting subjects in the context of the COVID pandemic, but also due to the potential for loss of scientific equipoise and the ethical implications of continuing to expose subjects to placebo given the positive results from PROMIS I. Recruitment to PROMIS II was stopped as of 27 October 2021, with the study terminated as of 15 March 2022. The study was not stopped prematurely due to any safety or futility concerns and the accrued data were fully analysed and are presented.